What term describes the process of heat transfer through space from one object to another?

The term that describes the process of heat transfer through space from one object to another is radiation. This process involves the transfer of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves, such as infrared radiation, which can travel through a vacuum. Unlike conduction and convection, which require a medium (solid or fluid) to transfer heat, radiation can occur even in the absence of matter.

For example, when you feel the warmth of the sun on your skin, that heat is being transferred from the sun to you through radiation. This phenomenon is fundamental in various fields, including physics and environmental science, and is crucial for understanding concepts related to heat transfer in both natural and engineered systems.