What is the name of a fracture that occurs in the 4th or 5th metacarpal?

A fracture that occurs in the 4th or 5th metacarpal is known as a Boxer's fracture. This type of fracture typically happens when a person punches a hard object, leading to a break in the neck of the metacarpal bones. The 4th and 5th metacarpals are involved more commonly because they are positioned in a way that makes them more susceptible to injury during such an impact.

Understanding the mechanics behind a Boxer's fracture is essential for recognizing its presentation and treatment. This fracture often results in pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the affected finger, and it’s important for any sports medicine practitioner to be familiar with the signs and symptoms to diagnose it correctly.

The other types of fractures mentioned, such as Smith's fracture, occur in different locations and under different circumstances. Smith's fractures happen at the distal radius due to a fall on the wrist with the palm facing up. Colles' fractures also impact the distal radius but typically occur when falling onto an outstretched hand, leading to dorsal angulation. Greenstick fractures are incomplete fractures commonly seen in children and do not specifically relate to the metacarpal bones in adults. Understanding the distinctions between these types of fractures aids in