What is a hypothesis?

A hypothesis is defined as an assumption or prediction that can be tested through scientific methods. It serves as a foundational statement that proposes a potential relationship between variables, guiding researchers in the design of their experiments and investigations. A well-constructed hypothesis is often formulated based on observations and prior knowledge, and it is presented in a way that allows for empirical testing and validation.

For example, if a researcher observes a trend and proposes that "increased exercise leads to improved mental health," this statement can be tested by conducting experiments or studies that measure both exercise levels and mental health outcomes. By doing so, the researcher can collect data to either support or refute the hypothesis, which is a crucial aspect of the scientific method.

The other options do not accurately describe a hypothesis. A confirmed result from research refers to the outcome of experiments that validate or negate a hypothesis rather than the hypothesis itself. An untestable theory, by definition, cannot be subject to scientific investigation, which contradicts the nature of a hypothesis as something specifically formulated for testing. Finally, a conclusion drawn from data typically comes after the research process has been completed and is ready to summarize the findings, rather than being a predictive statement made prior to the research.