What does the prefix "hypo-" mean?

The prefix "hypo-" signifies a state of being less than normal, lower, or deficient. It derives from the Greek word meaning "under" or "below." This prefix is commonly used in medical terminology to indicate conditions or levels that are below what is considered typical. For example, "hypoglycemia" refers to an abnormally low level of glucose in the blood, while "hypotension" indicates lower than normal blood pressure.

In contrast, the other options represent different meanings. The first option denotes conditions that are above or in excess, reflecting an increased state rather than a decreased one. The third option refers to concepts of being over or beyond, which is the opposite of lacking or being below normal. Finally, the last option implies balance or normalcy, which does not align with the implications of the prefix "hypo-," as it specifically pertains to being below or deficient.

Understanding prefixes like "hypo-" is essential for interpreting medical terminology accurately, as they provide valuable insights into a person's health status or medical conditions.