What are organic compounds that include sugars and starches primarily known as?

Organic compounds that include sugars and starches are primarily known as carbohydrates. This classification is based on their chemical structure and function in living organisms. Carbohydrates are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a ratio of 1:2:1. They serve as a primary source of energy for the body and are essential for various bodily functions.

Sugars, such as glucose and fructose, fall under the category of simple carbohydrates, while starches, which are more complex carbohydrates made up of longer chains of sugar molecules, serve as energy storage in plants. When consumed, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which can then be utilized by the body's cells for energy production.

In contrast, proteins are composed of amino acids and are primarily involved in building and repairing tissues; fats, which are made up of glycerol and fatty acids, are important for energy storage and insulation; and vitamins are organic compounds required in small amounts for various metabolic processes. Understanding the role of carbohydrates is crucial as they are a key component of a balanced diet and play a vital role in maintaining overall health.