What action does the term 'gait cycle' incorporate?

The term 'gait cycle' specifically refers to the sequence of movements that occur during walking. It encompasses the transitions from one foot hitting the ground to the next foot doing so, which includes phases such as stance and swing. This cycle is fundamental to understanding how individuals walk and is a critical aspect of studying human locomotion in fields such as sports medicine and physical therapy.

The other options focus on different aspects of movement or analysis that do not fully capture the essence of the gait cycle. While running is a related activity, it involves a distinct set of biomechanical processes that differ from walking. Movement of the upper limbs during walking may occur but is not a defining characteristic of the gait cycle itself. Biomechanical analysis of walking could certainly involve studying the gait cycle but is broader and focuses more on the measurement and evaluation of walking mechanics rather than the cycle itself.